How to Use the id Command in Linux

The id command is a basic Linux command used to confirm the identity of a specified Linux user. It is also used to find user and group names, along with the UID and GID of any user in Linux. By default, the id command is available in all the Linux operating systems.

In this post, we will show you how to use the id command in Linux.

In This Article

• Basic Syntax
• How to Use id Command

Basic Syntax

The basic syntax to use the id command is shown below:

id [OPTIONS] [USERNAME]

You can print all options with the following command:

id --help

You should see the following output:

Usage: id [OPTION]... [USERNAME]
Print user and group information for the specified USERNAME,
or (when USERNAME omitted) for the current user.

  -a              ignore, for compatibility with other versions
  -Z, --context   print only the security context of the current user
  -g, --group     print only the effective group ID
  -G, --groups    print all group IDs
  -n, --name      print a name instead of a number, for -ugG
  -r, --real      print the real ID instead of the effective ID, with -ugG
  -u, --user      print only the effective user ID
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

How to Use id Command

Running the id command without any option will print the information about the current login user:

id

You should see the following output:

uid=1000(username) gid=1000(username) groups=1000(username),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),108(lpadmin),124(sambashare),125(vboxusers)

To print only the UID of a specific user, run the following command:

id -u username

Output:

1000

To print only the GID of a specific user, run the following command:

id -g username

Output:

1000

To print the UID and GID of a specific user, run the following command:

id username

Output:

uid=1000(username) gid=1000(username) groups=1000(username),4(adm),24(cdrom),27(sudo),30(dip),46(plugdev),108(lpadmin),124(sambashare),125(vboxusers)

To print the IDs of all other groups the user belongs to, run the following command:

id -G username

Output:

1000 4 24 27 30 46 108 124 125

To print a name instead of the ID, run the following command:

id -nG username

Output:

username adm cdrom sudo dip plugdev lpadmin sambashare vboxusers

To display real id instead of effective id, use the -r option:

id -r -u username

Output:

1000

Or

id -r -g username

Output:

1000

Or

id -r -G username

Output:

1000 4 24 27 30 46 108 124 125

Conclusion

In the above guide, you learned how to use the id command to find user and group id in Linux. This command is useful when your application needs UID or GID to be run; give it a try on your Atlantic.Net VPS.